| Main Ref. | Olaso, I. and E. Rodriguez-Marin, 1995 |
|---|---|
| Bemerkungen | Abundant near the coast, in the stratum between 10 and 100 m. Occurs on broken and rough grounds but also found over sand and soft bottoms at depths less than 100 m. Depth range from 5-60 m (Ref. 7313) and from 305-409 m in the eastern Ionian Sea (Ref. 56504). Feeds on benthic organisms such as shrimps and amphipods, polychaetes, mollusks, and benthic fishes; also on benthic carnivores that live on or within the bottom substrates (Ref. 44511). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrat | Hard Bottom; |
|---|---|
| Substrat Ref. | |
| Besondere Lebensräume | |
| Besondere Lebensräume Ref. |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Verbände | |
| Assoziiert mit | |
| Bemerkungen der Vereinigung | |
| Parasitismus |
| Art der Fütterung | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Fütterungsart Ref. | Olaso, I. and E. Rodriguez-Marin, 1995 |
| Fütterungsgewohnheit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Fütterungsgewohnheiten Ref. |
| Estimation method | Ursprüngliche Probe | Ungefischte Bevölkerung | Bemerkung | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Von der Zusammensetzung der Ernährung | 3.45 | 0.29 | Troph of juv./adults from 3 studies. | ||
| Von einzelnen Lebensmitteln | 3.46 | 0.48 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Golani, D., 1994 | ||||