| المرجع الرئيسي. | Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990 |
|---|---|
| ملاحظات | Epibenthic, in deep waters down to 2740 m (Ref. 58426). Commonly found in about 300-500 m depth. Temperature preferences appear to range from about 1-4°C, although bottom temperatures below 0°C have been recorded at capture depths. Amphipods predominate in the diet, although polychaetes and various natant crustaceans are also important. Also feeds on bivalves, isopods, echinoderms (notably ophiuroids), and ctenophores (Ref. 1371). Consumed primarily benthic organisms (Ref. 51343). Parasites of the species include 3 myxosporidians, 1 monogenean (Macruricotyle newfoundlandiae), 3 cestodes, 6 trematodes, 4 nematodes, 1 acanthocephalan, 2 protozoans (Glugea berglax and Eimeria sp.), copepod (Sphyrion lumpi) and 3 crustaceans; Davisia newfoundlandia, Zschokkella kudoi, Cyclocotyloides pinguis and Clavellomimus macruri being specific to roughhead grenadier (Ref. 5951). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| الركيزة | Benthic; |
|---|---|
| مرجع الركيزة. | Coad, B.W. and J.D. Reist, 2004 |
| الموائل الخاصة | |
| الموائل الخاصة المرجع. |
| مرجع | Wayland, M.T., C. Sommerville and D.I. Gibson, 1999 |
|---|---|
| الجمعيات | parasitism; shoaling; |
| مرتبط بـ | Echinorhynchus gadi; Echinorhynchus sp. (Ref. 65465); |
| ملاحظات الجمعية | Study concluding this species form spawning populations with a predominance of males at 700-800 m depth on the Atlantic Tren and Rest Banks during winter-spring. Also reported large catches by bottom trawl and long-line near Iceland and in the NW Atlantic (Ref. 33722). |
| التطفل |
| نوع التغذية | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| نوع التغذية المرجع. | Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990 |
| العادات الغذائية | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| عادة التغذية المرجع. |
| Estimation method | العينة الأصلية | مجتمعات لم يتم صيدها | ملاحظة | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| من التركيبة الغذائية | 4.48 | 0.77 | |||
| من العناصر الغذائية المفردة | 3.77 | 0.49 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| مرجع | Bjelland, O., O.A. Bergstad, J.E. Skjæraasen and K. Meland, 2000 | ||||