| المرجع الرئيسي. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
|---|---|
| ملاحظات | Prefers coral reefs and clear water. In the Gulf of Mexico, it occurs in clear deep reefs (at least 45 m). At Bermuda and the West Indies, the species is common in shallow water, but it usually hides in caves or under ledges during the day. Males are territorial. Feeds on fish and benthic invertebrates (Ref. 33). Carnivore (Ref. 33499, 57616). Maco-carnivore (Ref. 126840). Also cleaned by Thalassoma noronhanum observed at Fernando de Noronha Archipelago off northeastern Brazil (Ref. 36301). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
| الركيزة | Soft Bottom |
|---|---|
| مرجع الركيزة. | |
| الموائل الخاصة | Coral Reefs; Other habitats: deep-water corals; |
| الموائل الخاصة المرجع. | Simon, T., H.T. Pinheiro, R.L. Moura, A. Carvalho-Filho, L.A. Rocha, A.S. Martins, E. Mazzei, R.B. Francini-Filho, G.M. Amado-Filho and J.-C. Joyeux, 2016 |
| مرجع | |
|---|---|
| الجمعيات | |
| مرتبط بـ | Cleaned by Pederson's cleaner shrimp (Periclimenes pedersoni), scarlet striped cleaner shrimp (Lysmata grabhami), and goby (Gobiosoma evelynae and others) as observed on the coral reefs in Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles (Ref. 36810). |
| ملاحظات الجمعية | |
| التطفل |
| نوع التغذية | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| نوع التغذية المرجع. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
| العادات الغذائية | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| عادة التغذية المرجع. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
| Estimation method | العينة الأصلية | مجتمعات لم يتم صيدها | ملاحظة | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| من التركيبة الغذائية | 4.05 | 0.44 | 3.93 | 0.62 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
| من العناصر الغذائية المفردة | 4.25 | 0.75 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| مرجع | Randall, J.E., 1967 | ||||